Arbitrage pricing theory: evidence from an emerging stock market

The development of financial equilibrium asset pricing models has been the most important area of research in modern financial theory. These models are extensively tested for developed markets. This paper examines the validity of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) model on returns from 24 actively trading stocks in Karachi Stock Exchange using monthly data from January 1997 to December 2003. Explanatory factor analysis approach indicates two factors governing stock return. Pre-specified macro economic approach identifies these two factors as the anticipated and unanticipated inflation and market index and dividend yield. Some evidence of instability is found. The overall finding of two significant priced factors at least for a sub period supports APT for an emerging capital market.Asset Pricing, APT, Emerging Markets

Paracrine Hypothesis and Cardiac Repair

Last two decades of research has seen the emergence and progress of stem cells from a myth to reality and their expediency in the clinical perspective as an effective therapeutic modality. Despite immense progress and promising results from experimental animal studies and clinical trials, the provocative underlying mechanism of their functional efficacy has led to diverging opinions and indulging the researchers into a continuous discussion. With controversies clouding the potential of stem cells to adopt morpho functionally competent cardiac phenotype, paracrine activity of the transplanted stem cells has been put forth as an alternative mechanism associated with the beneficial outcome of cell therapy. Although unique paracrine activity of a cell, besides endocrine activity and juxtacrine activity, constitutes an integral part of the cell-to-cell communication, the release of trophic factors from the transplanted cells favorably modulates the local microenvironment in the cell transplanted region in the infarcted heart and positively impact the integration and reparability of the cell graft

Security Policies and Mechanisms for Vehicular Delay Torlant Network

This article revision the literature related to Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network with focus on Cooperation. It starts by examining definitions of some of the fields of research in VDTN on security policies. An overview of VDTN on security policies cooperative networks is presented. A security policy is a high-level specification of the security properties that a given system should possess. It is a means for designers domain experts and implementers to communicate with each other, and a blueprint that drives a project from design through implementation and validation. We offer a survey of the most significant security policy models in the literature showing security may mean very different things in different contexts and we review some of the mechanisms used to implement a gievn security policy

A survey on the determinants of entrepreneurial training effectiveness among micro finance institutions of Malaysia

The importance of the training is increasing day by day not only in corporate sector but also in entrepreneurial sector.This study aims to evaluate the influencing factors of entrepreneurial training effectiveness of Malaysian microfinance institutions (hereinafter MFIs).This study use survey research design and involve four listed MFIs of Malaysia that are selected on the base of engagement in entrepreneurship training during last five years.Questionnaires are used to collect data from selected respondents by using stratified random sampling.Results of the study reveal that deteriorating rate of small and micro enterprises is increasing rapidly due to inappropriate training and non-allocation of sufficient funds. Findings confirm the relationship between entrepreneurial training effectiveness and training need analysis. Training contents also found a critical and important factor for training effectiveness.Results also show that there is a need to undertake a comprehensive analysis by MFIs on individual entrepreneurs and the job tasks in order to estimate their training needs.In this way, the need of clients for appropriate and relevant training can be addressed in a better way

Arbitrage pricing theory: evidence from an emerging stock market

The development of financial equilibrium asset pricing models has been the most important area of research in modern financial theory. These models are extensively tested for developed markets. This paper examines the validity of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) model on returns from 24 actively trading stocks in Karachi Stock Exchange using monthly data from January 1997 to December 2003. Explanatory factor analysis approach indicates two factors governing stock return. Pre-specified macro economic approach identifies these two factors as the anticipated and unanticipated inflation and market index and dividend yield. Some evidence of instability is found. The overall finding of two significant priced factors at least for a sub period supports APT for an emerging capital market

Monitoring of atopic dermatitis using leaky coaxial cable

In our daily life, inadvertent scratching may increase the severity of skin diseases (such as atopic dermatitis, etc.). However, people rarely pay attention to this matter, so the known measurement behavior of the movement is also very little. Nevertheless, the behavior and frequency of scratching represent the degree of itching, and the analysis of scratching frequency is helpful to the doctor's clinical dosage. In this paper, a novel system is proposed to monitor the scratching motion of a sleeping human body at night. The core device of the system are just a Leaky coaxial cable (LCX) and a router. Commonly, LCX is used in the blind field or semi blind field in wireless communication. The new idea is that the leaky cable is placed on the bed, then the state information of physical layer of wireless communication channels is acquired to identify the scratching motion and other small body movements in the human sleep process. The results show that it can be used to detect the movement and its duration. Channel state information (CSI) packet is collected by card installed in the computer based on the 802.11n protocol. The characterization of the scratch motion in the collected channel state information is unique, so it can be distinguished from the wireless channel amplitude variation trend

Security Policies and Mechanisms for Vehicular Delay Torlant Network

This article revision the literature related to Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network with focus on Cooperation. It starts by examining definitions of some of the fields of research in VDTN on security policies. An overview of VDTN on security policies cooperative networks is presented. A security policy is a high-level specification of the security properties that a given system should possess. It is a means for designers domain experts and implementers to communicate with each other, and a blueprint that drives a project from design through implementation and validation. We offer a survey of the most significant security policy models in the literature showing security may mean very different things in different contexts and we review some of the mechanisms used to implement a gievn security policy

Fear of getting Covid-19: A challenge to elective surgical practice and ways to overcome

Background: Covid-19, a global pandemic has a huge impact on surgical practice. There is transmission risk of Covid-19 during the elective surgery and nowadays it is a part of informed consent process. This has an impact on patient decision making as it creates anxiety and fear. Objective: To evaluate patient experience (fear of getting Covid-19) from elective surgery and challenges of elective surgical practice and ways to overcome during this pandemic era. Methods: This study was an observational cross-sectional survey and it has been conducted in General Surgery Department of Dr Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital, Islamabad, from May to August 2021 after approval of Institutional Review Board (IRB). Participants for elective surgery and their negative report of Covid-19 infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were included in the study. Fear of Covid-19 infection was measured through “fear of Covid-19 scale” by Ahorsu et al and analyzed. All findings were entered in a structured Proforma. Data was entered in SPSS version 26 and analyzed. Effect modifier chi square was used to find out the patient’s dropout due to getting Covid-19 infection from surgery. Results: Total 200 patients were included; 62% patients were male and 38% were females. The mean age of the patients was 38.64±12.08 years. The statistical analysis showed that there was a very significant association between FCV-19 scale and getting Covid-19 infection from elective surgeries (p ≤ 0.05). When stratified FCV-19 scale with education status of all patients there was a very significant association between them (p=0.001). The patient’s observations regarding FCV-19 questionnaire, most of the patients were disagreed (46.3%) to getting Covid-19 infection from their elective surgeries or any fear of Covid-19 infection. The actual dropout of patients from elective surgery due to fear of getting Covid-19 infection during surgery or staying in hospital was 7.5%. Conclusion: Fear of getting Covid-19 is still present in some of the patients who visit hospitals for elective surgeries. Discussing the various steps taken by the institute to improve patient safety and minimize risk of Covid-19, greatly enhanced their confidence in elective surgery and improved satisfaction level. Key words: Covid-19; Fear; Fear of Covid-19 Scale; Elective Surgical Procedures